Margaret Byrne from Carlow 1849
In 1849 Margaret Byrne from Carlow, had her death
sentence which was imposed as a result of an arson
attempt made by her on an occupied house, commuted to
transportation for life. She stated that she had
committed the crime in anticipation of a transportation
sentence. (CRF 1849/B 25).
http://www.nationalarchives.ie/topics/transportation/Irl-Oz.pdf
Pat
Purcell Papers 1849.
Surnames
mentioned: Nowlan, Burgh, Murphy, Cory, Carroll & Fitzmaurice.
From a
batch of Legal papers purchased by Michael Purcell at auction in Mealys
2002.
Landlord
and Plaintiff:- The Right Honourable John Henry, Earl of Clonmel and
Aunette, his wife, County of Clonmel.
V's.
Defendants:- Peter Nowlan and Luke Murphy, John Nowlan, Thomas
Nowlan, Michael Nowlan, Patrick Nowlan and John Cory.
Action of
Ejectment for Recovery of that part of the Lands of Rosdillig,
containing by Survey 18 acres, 3 roods and 24 perches Irish
plantation measure more or less the said lands are situate in the
Parish of Kintennell Barony of Idrone East, Carlow.
Amount
Due: £64 Pounds - 9 shillings and 8 pence.
Arthur
Fitzmaurice, Agent and Receiver, under virture of an Indenture of
Lease dated 23rd April 1823 made by Lady Maria Bagenal Burgh and Mrs
Amelia Carroll and Peter Nowlan for the Yearly rent of £19 pounds
Sterling – 18 shillings and 6 pence.
-
-
(signed)
H.Hutton, Thomas Crawford Butler, Arthur Fitzmaurice.
-
21st Oct. 1849
-
- Transcribed by M. Purcell c2012
Pat
Purcell Papers 1849.
Taking
the clothes off me back.
Jury return.
The Jurors of our Lady the Queen, upon their Oath, present that Martha
Grogan alias Martha Holmes of Carlow, Dealer, in the twelfth year of
the Reign of our Sovereign Lady Victoria, of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, Queen and so forth: - at Carlow ~~ had in
her possession four Gowns, one Petticoat, two pair of Stockings, one
Shawl, one Bonnet and one Cloak to the value of ten shillings ~~ of
the goods and Chattles of a certain person unknown then and there
being found with the aforesaid Martha Grogan alias Martha Holmes,
suspected of feloniously then and there she did steal, take and carry
away, against the Peace of our said Lady Victoria, of Great Britain
and Ireland, Queen, her Crown and her Dignity.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Martha
Grogan alias Martha Holmes is not Guilty of this act. This Case should
not have been Sworn by any Magistrate of standing in Carlow. The Peace
of our Sovereign Lady Victoria, of Great Britain and Ireland, Queen,
her Crown and her Dignity has not been assailed by Evil behaviour from
said Martha Grogan alias Martha Holmes.~~~
Verdict: Not Guily ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(signed) Arthur FitzMaurice for
self and Fellows.
[Note added 2012 - "twelfth year of the Reign = 1849.]
Surnames: McClintock Bunbury, Kehoe,
Nolan, Lucas, Cox & Tuckey.
[Note added 2012. checked the 1849 editions
of the Carlow Sentinel (Jan. - June) for the article on Lisnevagh
building report, I was unable to locate it but did find a few items
referring to Colonel Bunbury and Captain B. McClintock Bunbury.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Ballina Chronicle, Ballina, Mayo,
Ireland
Wednesday, June 13, 1849
EMIGRATION MEETING
A numerous meeting of the tenant-farmers and others was held in
Carlow on Thursday, for the purpose of establishing a society to organize
extensive emigration from this country. The meeting, which was got up
under the auspices of Father Mahon and other Roman Catholic clergymen,
adopted a series of resolutions-The following brief speech, delivered by a
comfortable farmer, sketched the whole case of the Carlow agriculturists:-
"Mr. John Hanlan, of Graig, came forward to propose the third resolution.
He said it was impossible for this country, with the principles of free
trade in operation, to compete with the countries that had neither rent,
tithes, poor rates or other taxes to pay (hear). Those other countries
were as prosperous as this, yet hand none of those charges to contend
with. How, then, was it possible for the farmers of Ireland to compete
with those of other countries, the protective duties having been
withdrawn? (hear).
He thought it was quite impossible. The consequence of
free trade, however, just it might be in the abstract, and he did not deny
its justice, would be to bring prices here to the same level as in America
and other countries, which had scarcely any rent or taxes to pay. The
result must be that the money of the country will be all abstracted to
America, and the people will all be reduced to even greater poverty and
distress (hear, hear). And if the gentry did not come forward to assist in
applying a remedy to the wretched state of things in this country, they,
too shortly would be reduced to the most miserable condition. In fact, it
would be only a day later with them (hear). He had received a great many
communications from America, and he found that corn could be raised at a
very cheap rate. Besides that, the repeal of the navigation laws would
enable the produce of America to be brought to this country with greater
facility and at a cheaper rate. Wheat from America could be probably sold
in Ireland at 20s the barrel. How could Ireland, then, compete with that
country? (hear, hear.)
With present rents and taxes, how could the Irish
farmer exist after the reduction that must take place in prices? Unless
the landlords came forward to assist the tenants, it was impossible that
they could live on the land (hear, hear). For himself he was glad to say
that he had a good, considerate landlord-the Earl of Besborough-who was
disposed to encourage the tenant, and not drive him from the country. He
(Mr. Hanlon) would not advise his fellow-countrymen to leave Ireland, if
they could remain in it; but he thought that under present circumstances
it would be impossible that they could do so, unless they desired to live
in the poor houses, or as the miserable serfs of men who would do anything
to encourage them (hear, hear).
Ballina Chronicle, Ballina, Mayo,
Ireland
Wednesday, June 20, 1849
THE CARLOW TENANT FARMER
MEETING
On Thursday the above meeting was held at the rere of the Hotel in
Burrin-street, on the extensive premises the property of Mrs. Purcell, of
Halverstown. We are not acquainted with one resident proprietor who has
not during the last six months given the claim put forth at the meeting
the utmost attention, and who are not willing, so far as reasonable means
will permit, to meet the claims in a spirit of justice and generosity- Mr.
Pat Lalor of Tinnekill, prepounded the extravagant opinion, that if the
"land of Ireland" were given free to the occupiers they could not sustain
themselves.
Mr. Wilson Gray, of the Freeman's Journal, who resided in
America for several years, gave a more apt illustration of the
consequences of the light of men, by honestly stating, from practical
experience, that before the tenants or middle classes even with a fair
capital could expect to realise a livelihood, they should become labourers!- in other words, to begin as Irish paupers do in America, with
strong bony hands, to work out a living, which may be enjoyed by their
posterity! This intelligent gentleman, who travelled through the far West,
never held one single prospect for the farmer beyond that which arduous
labour opens to every man, whether on the prairie, in the forest, or on
his own farm in Ireland. The Rev. Mr. Maher-A fact which was anything but
encouraging to emigrants of small capital, who may be sufficiently foolish
to expect to live in America without labour!! Although an enthusiast he
would not undertake the responsibility of removing a single man from the
country, unless that man had made up his mind, and effected his
arrangements calmly and deliberately in his family for emigration.
America
is not the best country for the farmer, unless he make up his own mind to
face the perils and the hardships of a new position in the wilderness,
with a surrounding population going a head ready one day to cultivate
Indian corn and the next to cut to California-a population ever restless,
ambitious and possessed of the cunning and over-reaching qualities
ascribed by Milton to Satan. Against such a people our quiet and
unobservant farmers would be no match, for an honest man is a century
behind a rogue and a cheat in America. We have no doubt whatever that the
landed proprietary of Ireland will employ every available means to sustain
the honest, improving and industrious farmer in his position. The
landlord, if upon no other ground but that of self interest, will
co-operate with the tenant, and thus check that mania for emigration which
has unsettled the public mind. The motto of both will be "live and let
live?"---Carlow Sentinel.
Source
-
Sue Clement c2005
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